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胡适留学日记_胡适【完结】(87)

  关于东部内蒙

  关于东部内蒙古,已达成如下条款:(1)中国将允许中日双方共同兴办农业企业和联合工业企业;(2)倘使中国打算以税收作担保,签订铁路贷款合同或其它任何贷款合同,中国均须首先与日本协商;(3)中国应开放一些口岸作对外贸易之用。

  关于汉冶萍公司,日本已投资一千万美元,中国方面同意:(1)改进公司各项工作,以便将来公司和日本资方共同进行管理;(2)不得没收公司资产;(3)在没有征得与公司有利害关系的日本资方之同意时,不得将公司国有化;(4)不得与除日本之外的任何他国签订贷款合同。

  关于福建省,由于该省是与日本福摩萨岛最接近之中国领土,因此,中国政府不得赋予任何他国在福建沿岸或沿海,建立船坞、燃料补给站、海军基地,或者任何其它军事设施之权利。中国也不得用任何外国资本来兴建上述种种设施。

  以上即为中国所接受之条款。

  第五项条款

  除此之外,尚有第五项条款,为中国拒绝接受,日本就此提出要保留其特权,以待将来再行协商。此项条款之内容大致如下:(1)倘使中国政府将来认为有必要聘请顾问,应聘请日本顾问;(2)中国政府应允许日本臣民在其内地租借或购买土地,以作修建学校和医院之用;(3)中国政府应在将来某个时候派遣军官到日本,以便直接与日本军方接触,安排从日本购买武器之事宜,或者,安排在中国建立一兵工厂,由中日双方共同管理;(4)倘使没有任何其他大国的明确反对,中国政府应给予日本享有其所要求的部分华南铁路之特许权,或者,在日本与另一国达成协议之前(此协议与当前中日两国间之谈判无关),并且在中国政府看来,该国所获之利益与上述有关内容相冲突时,中国政府均不应与该国就上述之铁路达成任何协议;(5)允许日本佛教徒在中国各地讲道,传播其教义。

  就第五项条款之谨慎用词来看,很明显,日本并无侵犯英国在华势力范围之意图。日本提议修建之铁路,即连接汉口、九江和杭州三城市之铁路,在没有征得英国同意的前提下,日本是决不会修建的。

  此次交涉,余未尝不痛心切齿,然余之乐观主义终未尽消,盖有二故焉:

  (一)吾国此次对日交涉,可谓知己知彼,既知持重,又能有所不挠,能柔亦能刚,此则历来外交史所未见。吾国外交,其将有开明之望乎?

  (二)此次日人以青岛归我,又收回第五项之要求,吾虽不知其骤变初心之原因果何在,然日人果欲以兵力得志于中国,中国今日必不能抵抗。日之不出于此也,岂亦有所悔悟乎?吾则以为此日人稍悟日暮途远倒行逆施之非远谋之征也。

  五四、《月报》编辑选举

  (五月十一日)

  《留美学生月报》编辑选举,推余为明年总编辑员,思之再三,以书辞之,不获已,又终辞焉。

  五五、威尔逊演说词

  (五月十二日)

  textofpresident’sspeech

  thetextofpresidentwilson’sspeechfollows:

  itwarmsmyheartthatyoushouldgivemesuchareception,butitisnotofmyselfthatiwishtothinktonight,butofthosewhohavejustbecomecitizensoftheunitedstates.thisistheonlycountryintheworldwhichexperiencesthisconstantandrepeatedrebirth.othercountriesdependuponthemultiplicationoftheirownnativepeople.thiscountryisconstantlydrinkingstrengthoutofnewsourcesbythevoluntaryassociationwithitofgreatbodiesofstrongmenandforward-lookingwomen.andso,bythegiftofthefreewillofindependentpeopleitisconstantlybeingrenewedfromgenerationtogenerationbythesameprocessbywhichitwasoriginallycreated.itisasifhumanityhaddeterminedtoseetoitthatthisgreatnation,foundedforthebenefitofhumanity,shouldnotlackfortheallegianceofthepeopleoftheworld.

  youhavejusttakenanoathofallegiancetotheunitedstates.ofallegiancetowhom?ofallegiancetonoone,unlessitbegod.certainlynotofallegiancetothosewhotemporarilyrepresentthisgreatgovernment.youhavetakenanoathofallegiancetoagreatideal,toagreatbodyofprinciples,toagreathopeofthehumanrace.youhavesaid,“wearegoingtoamerica,”notonlytoearnaliving,notonlytoseekthethingswhichitwasmoredifficulttoobtainwhereyouwereborn,buttohelpforwardthegreatenterprisesofthehumanspirit-toletmenknowthateverywhereintheworldtherearemenwhowillcrossstrangeoceansandgowhereaspeechisspokenwhichisalientothem,knowingthat,whateverthespeech,thereisbutonelongingandutteranceofthehumanheart,andthatisforlibertyandjustice.

  lookingonlyforward

  andwhileyoubringallcountrieswithyou,youcomewithapurposeofleavingallothercountriesbehindyou-bringingwhatisbestoftheirspirit,butnotlookingoveryourshouldersandseekingtoperpetuatewhatyouintendedtoleaveinthem.icertainlywouldnotbeoneeventosuggestthatamanceasestolovethehomeofhisbirthandthenationofhisorigin-thesethingsareverysacredandoughtnottobeputoutofourhearts-butitisonethingtolovetheplacewhereyouwerebornanditisanotherthingtodedicateyourselftotheplacetowhichyougo.youcannotdedicateyourselftoamericaunlessyoubecomeineveryrespectandwitheverypurposeofyourwillthoroughamericans.youcannotbecomethoroughamericansifyouthinkofyourselvesingroups.americadoesnotconsistofgroups.amanwhothinkshimselfasbelongingtoaparticularnationalgroupinamericahasnotyetbecomeanamerican,andthemanwhogoesamongyoutotradeuponyournationalityisnoworthysontoliveunderthestarsandstripes.

  myurgentadvicetoyouwouldbenotonlyalwaystothinkfirstofamerica,butalways,also,tothinkfirstofhumanity.youdonotlovehumanityifyouseektodividehumanityintojealouscamps.humanitycanbeweldedtogetheronlybylove,bysympathy,byjustice,notbyjealousyandhatred.iamsorryforthemanwhoseekstomakepersonalcapitaloutofthepassionsofhisfellowmen.hehaslostthetouchandidealofamerica,foramericawascreatedtounitemankindbythosepassionswhichliftandnotbythepassionswhichseparateanddebase.

  wecametoamerica,eitherourselvesorinpersonsofourancestors,tobettertheidealsofmen,tomakethemseefinerthingsthantheyhadseenbefore,togetridofthingsthatdivide,andtomakesureofthethingsthatunite.itwasbutanhistoricalaccidentnodoubtthatthisgreatcountrywascalledthe“unitedstates”,andyetiamverythankfulthatithastheword‘united’initstitle;andthemanwhoseekstodividemanfromman,groupfromgroup,interestfrominterest,intheunitedstatesisstrikingatitsveryheart.

  itisaveryinterestingcircumstancetome,inthinkingofthoseofyouwhohavejustswornallegiancetothisgreatgovernment,thatyouweredrawnacrosstheoceanbysomebeckoningfingerofhope,bysomebelief,bysomevisionofanewkindofjustice,bysomeexpectationofabetterkindoflife.

  第56章 民国四年(1915)二月十八日至六月七日(10)

  nodoubtyouhavebeendisapppointedinsomeofus:someofusareverydisappointing.nodoubtyouhavefoundthatjusticeintheunitedstatesgoesonlywithapureheartandarightpurpose,asitdoeseverywhereelseintheworld.nodoubtwhatyoufoundheredidn’tseemtouchedforyou,afterall,withthecompletebeautyoftheidealwhichyouhadconceivedbeforehand.

  butrememberthis,ifwehadgrownatallpoorintheideal,youbroughtsomeofitwithyou.amandoesnotgoouttoseekthethingthatisnotinhim.amandoesnothopeforthethingthathedoesnotbelievein,andifsomeofushaveforgottenwhatamericabelievedin,you,atanyrate,importedinyourownheartsarenewalofthebelief.thatisthereasonthati,forone,makeyouwelcome.”

  realizingadream

  ifihaveinanydegreeforgottenwhatamericawasintendedfor,iwillthankgodifyouwillremindme.

  iwasborninamerica.youdreameddreamsofwhatamericawastobe,andihopeyoubroughtthedreamswithyou.nomanthatdoesnotseevisionswilleverrealizeanyhighhopeorundertakeanyhighenterprise.


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