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1913,一战前的世界_[英]查尔斯·埃默森【完结】(165)

  [11] Abigail Jacobson, ‘Alternative Voices in Late Ottoman Palestine: A Historical Note’, Jerusalem Quarterly 21, 2004

  [12] Op. cit., Tamari (2000)

  [13] Op. cit., Jawhariyyeh

  [14] Op. cit., Sebag-Montefiore

  [15] Stephen Graham, With the Russian Pilgrims to Jerusalem, 1913

  [16] Ibid.

  [17] Ibid.

  [18] Ibid.

  [19] Helga Dudman and Ruth Kark, The American Colony: Scenes from a Jerusalem Saga, 1998

  [20] Bertha Spafford Vester, Our Jerusalem: An American Family in the Holy City, 1881–1949, 1951

  [21] Op. cit., Dudman and Kark

  [22] Ibid.

  [23] Sufian Abu Zaida, ‘‘A Miserable Provincial Town’: The Zionist Approach to Jerusalem from 1897–1937’, Jerusalem Quarterly 32, 2007

  [24] Amy Dockser Marcus, Jerusalem 1913: The Origins of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 2007

  [25] Ibid.

  [26] Central Zionist Archive (CZA), L2/27

  [27] CZA, L2/26/3

  [28] Ibid.

  [29] Quoted in Neville J. Mandel, The Arabs and Zionism before World War I, 1976

  [30] Ibid.

  [31] Op. cit., Jacobson

  [32] CZA, L2/26/3, letter dated 26 January 1913

  [33] Ibid.

  [34] Op. cit., Dockser Marcus

  [35] CZA, L2/26/3

  [36] Ibid.

  [37] Quoted in op. cit., Mandel

  [38] Mendel Beilis, The Story of My Sufferings, trans. Harrison Goldberg, 1926

  [39] Ibid.

  [40] ISA 415/10, German consular note, February 1913

  [41] Theodor Herzl, The Diaries of eodor Herzl, Martin Lowenthal, ed., 1978

  第四章 大国的微明

  [1] The New York Times, 18 May 1898; op. cit., Kennedy

  [2] Ibid.

  [3] Elizabeth Kendall, A Wayfarer in China, 1913

  [4] Erik J. Zürcher, The Young Turk Legacy and Nation Building, 2010

  [5] Le Petit Journal, 16 January 1898

  [6] Anon., China as it Really Is, 1912

  [7] Marius B. Jansen, The Making of Modern Japan, 2002

  [8] Quoted in ibid.

  [9] Quoted in Carol Gluck, Japan’s Modern Myths: Ideology in the Late Meiji Period, 1985

  [10] Peter H. Hoffenberg, An Empire on Display: English, Indian, and Australian Exhibitions from the Crystal Palace to the Great War, 2001

  君士坦丁堡

  [1] Quoted in Ebru Boyar and Kate Fleet, A Social History of Ottoman Istanbul, 2010

  [2] Hermann Barth, Constantinople, 1906 (French version; original German published in 1901)

  [3] H. G. Dwight, Constantinople Old and New, 1915

  [4] Ibid.

  [5] Stanford J. Shaw, ‘The Ottoman Census System and Population, 1831–1914’, International Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, vol. 9, no. 3, 1978; Servet Mutlu, ‘Late Ottoman Population and its Ethnic Distribution’, Turkish Journal of Population Studies, no. 25, 2003; Philip Mansel, Constantinople: City of the World’s Desire, 1453–1923, 1995

  [6] Mary Poynter, When Turkey was Turkey, 1921

  [7] Op. cit., Dwight

  [8] Ibid.

  [9] Levant Herald and Eastern Express, 2 January 1913

  [10] Op. cit., Shaw

  [11] Edmondo de Amicis, Constantinople, trans. Maria Horner, 1896 (originally published in Italian in 1877)

  [12] Zeynep Çelik, The Remaking of Istanbul: Portrait of an Ottoman City in the Nineteenth Century, 1986

  [13] Feroz Ahmad, The Young Turks: The Committee of Union and Progress in Turkish Politics, 1908–1914, 1969

  [14] Op. cit., Zürcher

  [15] Renée Worringer, ‘“Sick man of Europe” or “Japan of the Near East?”: Constructing Ottoman Modernity in the Hamidian and Young Turk Eras’, International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 36, no. 2, 2004

  [16] Op. cit., Poynter

  [17] Ibid.

  [18] Op. cit., Ahmad

  [19] Op. cit., Poynter

  [20] Ibid.

  [21] Ibid.

  [22] Op. cit., Mansel

  [23] Francis McCullagh, The Fall of Abd-Ul-Hamid, 1910

  [24] Op. cit., Ahmad

  [25] G. F. Abbott, Turkey in Transition, 1909

  [26] Op. cit., Zürcher

  [27] Op. cit., Poynter

  [28] Op. cit., Mansel

  [29] Op. cit., Abbott

  [30] Robert Hichens, The Near East, 1913

  [31] Ibid.

  [32] Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett, With the Turks in Thrace, 1913

  [33] Henry Morgenthau, United States Diplomacy on the Bosphorus: The Diaries of Ambassador Morgenthau 1913–1916, compiled by Ara Sarafian, 2004

  [34] This and following from advertisements in the Levant Herald and Eastern Express, 6 and 9 January 1913

  [35] Op. cit., Boyar and Fleet

  [36] Andrew Mango, Atatürk, 1999

  [37] Karl Baedeker, Konstantinopel und das Westliche Kleinasien, 1905

  [38] Op. cit., Hichens

  [39] Op. cit., Dwight

  [40] Op. cit., Abbott

  [41] Quoted in op. cit., Boyar and Fleet

  [42] Ibid.

  [43] Ibid.

  [44] Zeyneb Hanoum, A Turkish Woman’s European Impressions, 1913

  [45] Ibid.

  [46] Alexander van Millingen, Constantinople, 1906

  [47] Ibid.

  [48] Ibid.

  [49] Ibid.

  [50] Nicola Guy, The Birth of Albania: Ethnic Nationalism, the Great Powers of World War I and the Emergence of Albanian Independence, 2012

  [51] Quoted in Edith Durham, High Albania, 1909


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